Reinforcing-bar for concrete and similar structures.



W. 0. GORYELL- RBINFORGING BAR FOR CONCRETE AND SIMILAR STRUGTURES.

APPLIGATIDN FILE-D JULY 25, 1908.

1,002,565, r Patentd Sept.5, 1911. I

F JIL n Iii a FIGLII a b s:c.7. SECJL SEG. l5.

85:43.9. SECJ3, $ECJ7.

Sac/k 85:18. SECJZ, SECJG.

WITHESSEs Y [man-r 8 -tions, however, diifer.

bring the undulating faces in right lines, as indicated by the bar A of Figs. V to VII inclusive, in which the elevations a and depressions b of any-given face he in planes extending lengthwise of the bar and inter-.

secting its axis. This arrangement is clearly shown by the development of the surface of the bar illustrated in Fig. IX. As indicated by the sections of Fig. X, the section of the bar at any point is reproduced at regular intervals throughout the bar and there is a progressive rotation of the figure of the section in its own plane about the axis of the bar. Thus, in said figure, the sections bearing the odd numbers have the same cross-sectional configuration, and in passing progressively from one section to the next in the order of numbering, we see that the figure of the section is rotated about the axis of the bar through the same angle. Likewise, the sections bearing the even numbers are alike and the figure of the section is rotated progressively as we pass from one The two sets of sec- Both are pentagons, but the lengths of the sides differ. From this consideration, it will be seen that the bar is made up of short blocks or elements having a section like that of Sec. 1 at one section to the next.

end, and a section like that of Sec. 2 at the other end, thesections between being of continuously varying configuration. This element is repeated and rotated in order to produce the complete bar. Obviously, a different configuration could be given to the bar of Fig. V by varying the undulating faces of the band Fig. I before subjecting it to the twisting operation. could be made according to the requiren'ients of any given case, or'at the will of the designer. l

From the above, it will. be seen that in both forms of the bar, I have provided ele-,

vations and depressions which are trans formed from one to the other through gradual gradations occurring regularly and evenly throughout the extent of the bar.

These changes are such that they may be formed in'the last pass of the rolling mill and without heavy reductions. I thus avoid the difficulty of getting two setsof rolls to work accurately with' reference to the changed surface of the bar, as would be necessary were heavy reductions required, and from the bar without an excessive temperature in the running passes and with a continued working in' the neighborhood of the critical temperature (700 to 800 (1.), thus producing a finer-grain in the steel with a eorl spomlingly greater strength to the bar. The rolling of the steel at a low pressure in this way leaves the bar practically free from scale and enables it to be rolled more accurately and uniformly as to size with a resulting economy of material.

vflow upward and forward and its flow is Such modification Since the depressions of the undulating faces extend transversely and obliquely of these depressions, the metal has only to greatly facilitated by the uniform crosssectional area of the bar.

As before indicated, in rolling irregular bars in horiaontal mills from bars of regular standard shapes, the deformations can be more easily and accurately formed at the top and bottom of the bar than at its sides, by reason of the more direct application of pressure by the rolls to the top and: bottom of the bar as it passes between them. Accordingly, as before indicated, the depth of the depressions I) is a maximum at the top and bottom of the bar, that is, at or near the center of the depressions, and is gradually diminished to a minimum at the sides of the bar. Bars constructed in this way, whether left with the spiral arrangement of the-faces or twisted so as to wholly or partially remove the spirality, are of equal volume and practically of equal'exposed area per unit length, as indicated by the elements illustrated by Fig. X, and consequently are of practically uniform temperature as they enter the last pass of the mill. This gives the finished bar- 'uniformity of texture, strength, hardness, ductility and elasticity. and hence an equal elongation per unit length when under strain. The rolled bar is of such form that the rolls 'for its production may be accurately and economically manufactured.

They may be of chilled cast-iron or steel duction of my bars consists in the ease of chai'lgin'g the mill from standard bars such as rounds. squares, hexagons. octagons;-ovals, etc, to my bar. and vice versa. since in either case it is only necessary to change the rolls of the last pass. Consequently, a minimum of time is consumed in shut-downs and changes. My ha rs may be readily produced from any of these standard shapes by working them through the proper rolls in the last pass of the mill.

The bar is also constructed so as to billciently perform its functions in the reinforced structure of which it is part. For this purpose, it is free from large flat surfaces which tend to destroy the mass effect of the reinforcedstructure and which, when placed near the surface of reinforced concrete structures, are likely to cause the adjacent concrete to spall. ltis also free from sharp corners and long sharp edges which tend to split. the concrete. \Vhere the bill is subjected to the twisting e m-alien so to bring the undulating faces in longitudinal right lines, it is free from any tei'irleney to twist when subjected to strain in its final position. Again, all the dept-cesium; in the finished lltlI are of such Size and form that the pouring of: the concrete about the bar durin construction will drive out the containet air and completely fill them, thus oh taining the' naxinium available adhesion. The shape of the bar in its different forms also such that the centers of gravity of all "right. sections lie in'a practically straight: line coincident with the axis of the bar. and consequently the elongation of the bar will he in direct, ratio to the load it carries; and local stresses, due to tl'ie'tendcney of the bar to strai hten untfler load, will he avoided. \H before indicated, the uniform crosssectional area of the bar gives a maximum tensile strength for the material employed.

1. have employed the term concrete rein- ,iorcing bar in this application, but will of course he augment/that. the bar may be employed in structures made up of other material than concrete. It will also be ap plurent that in practicing my invention, the c Section and other fea es of the bar, may be greatly vai'ed without. departing from its spirit and eco 'e. be limited to. the specific forms herein closed, but aim? to cover by the terms'of the appended claims all such alterations and modifications of the same will ordinarily occur topersons skilled in this art.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Batent. of. the United States is:---

1. A concrete reinforcing bar having its' exterior composed Wholly. of undulating faces extending each throughout the length the, bar and having cross-sections of like Qafie.. ut he' F; are oi e ch section rotated 1n its plane 1r 1 out theatres of the bar relative'to the next like Section and; portions between said sections havin arying. e fi n- 2, Ag 'concretge. reinforcing her having its l ra occurring at intervals throughuxterior compose Wholly! of undulating feces each extending throughout. the length 1 cter of the undulating 'faces, the cross-' I therefore do notwish to it. length of: the bar and having the crossrsections of continuouslyof the bar, the de 'iressiona of each face lying in the some trzu'isveree planes; nettle ole-van tions of the adjoining faces-i and each face varyingin width contii'unniuly' throughout. its length.

h. A concrete reintmeing har ha'vin its exterior composed 'wl'mlly of ui'niulating feces each intending spirally about the her throughout. its length, the depressions; of each face lying in the some transverse planes the elevations of the adjt iining Fence and each face varying in width CiHllllit'tOllSlY tlnrmighoet its length.

4, A. concrete reinforcing lJilI' having its exterior con'iposed' wholly of undulating faces extending spirally about the bar and having the elevations of the undulating faces in right lines extending lengthwise ot' the bar.

A concrete reinforcing liar having its exterior composed wholly of undt'ilot-ing faces extending spirally about the bar and having the elevations of the undulating faces in right. lines extending lengthwise of the liar and in the same trans" as the defiressions of the adjoining faces.

6. A. concrete reinforcing barhaving its exterior composed wholly of undulating facee each extending throughout the length of said bar, the depreseions being broad and t.lie= elevat ion$ narrow and each face varying.

in width. continuously throughout its length.

7. A concrete reinforcing bar. of uniform cross-sectional area throughout its length having its exterior composed wholl of merging depressions and elevations forming faces each extendin contimmusly throughout the length of tie bar, each depression continuously varying in depth. throughout its length.

8. A concrete reinforcing bar of uniform cross sectionel area throughout its length having its exterior composed wholly of merging depressions and elevations forming faces each extending continuously throughout the lengthof the bar, each depressionjflq continuously varying in depth and having its greatest depth near its center.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 22nd day of July, 19.08.

. W1'LLIAM C. CO'RYELL. W itnessee D. Kenrooo, OARQLYN WEBER.

so. planes Correction in Letters Patent No. 1,002,565.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,002,565, granted September 5, 1911, upon the application of William Cor-yell, of Youngstown, Ohio, for an improvement in Reinforcing-Bars for Concrete and Similar St1i1etures,an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 55,

for the Word from read fern); and that the said Letters Patent should he read; i

with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the PatentOflice.

Signed and sealed this 3d day of October, A. D., 1911.

[SEAL] E. B. MOORE,

00mm iesz'oner of Patents. 

